- Please explain briefly the process of CPR?
- State the chain of survival?
Saturday, 3 March 2012
Sunday, 26 February 2012
OSCE Example
- What does the picture depict ?
- List the drugs of emergency kit with their uses.
- What is myocardial infarction?
- Write the signs and symptoms of Asthma
Wednesday, 22 February 2012
OSCE
Introduction to OSCE
OSCEs have been around for many years, but have become very widely adopted
during the past few years and, although originally developed for use in medical
exams, they are now used by a number of different professions. They were first used
in dentistry in the mid-1990s at The Royal London.
during the past few years and, although originally developed for use in medical
exams, they are now used by a number of different professions. They were first used
in dentistry in the mid-1990s at The Royal London.
OSCEs can test a wide range of clinical skills under controlled conditions, so the
content can be highly valid (ie it tests appropriate things in appropriate ways) and the
results can be very reliable.
Typically, students find OSCEs fairly demanding but they
judge them to be a fair and comprehensive way of enabling them to demonstrate
their clinical skills under exam conditions.
judge them to be a fair and comprehensive way of enabling them to demonstrate
their clinical skills under exam conditions.
An OSCE must contain all 4 elements that the name implies – it is an examination of
clinical skills and competencies that must be objective and structured.
In the past, it was often felt necessary to have ‘killer’ stations which, if a candidate
failed, meant that they failed the whole exam irrespective of their performance on
other stations. This is now considered to be bad practice (for one thing, it can be
unfair). Instead, marks are weighted so that essential or time-consuming components
of the task are weighted more than less important or shorter elements.
What is an OSCE?
An OSCE is a multi-station examination in which candidates spend a fixed period of
time at each station before moving on to the next. It is essentially a rotation, although
stations may be set up in several different rooms. The stations may require the
candidates to undertake a task, such as mixing impression material, setting out an
instrument tray, or giving advice or an explanation to a real or simulated patient.
Each station has its own special assessment sheet, designed specifically for the skill
being assessed. Each station might be marked out of a different total, but they will be
converted to the same scale (usually a percentage) to ensure that each contributes
equally to the final score.
It has been researched, that to achieve adequate reliability, an OSCE circuit needs at
least 15 well-performing stations if each has around 5 minutes of testing time, so a
major OSCE will contain between 15 and 25 stations and candidates will usually
spend about 5 to 8 minutes at each. Every so often is a rest station with a chair and
refreshments. At these stations, candidates can take a short break or sometimes
read the notes or short scenario they will need in preparation for the next station.
least 15 well-performing stations if each has around 5 minutes of testing time, so a
major OSCE will contain between 15 and 25 stations and candidates will usually
spend about 5 to 8 minutes at each. Every so often is a rest station with a chair and
refreshments. At these stations, candidates can take a short break or sometimes
read the notes or short scenario they will need in preparation for the next station.
OSCE stations with real or simulated patients will also have an examiner present
(although it is increasingly common for the patient to also be the examiner – or
contribute a supplementary marking sheet). At some other stations there might be no
examiner – students complete their question form and post it into a sealed
‘letterbox’. However, stations of this type are normally kept to a minimum because the
most valid OSCE stations have patients and/or examiners present
‘letterbox’. However, stations of this type are normally kept to a minimum because the
most valid OSCE stations have patients and/or examiners present
OSCE Guidance Notes
Introduction
This blog contains important guidance on the second part of the NEBDN National Diploma in Dental Nursing examination. Apart from my lecture in the classes, I am hoping this will help you to prepare for the Diploma OSCE assessment should therefore read this document in full.
The NEBDN National Diploma in Dental Nursing examination is split into two parts. The first part consists of a written paper, which candidates need to complete successfully to move on to the practical assessments.
The second part of the examination consists of a number of Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and is designed to assess the candidate’s clinical skills and competencies. Professional appearance and behavior will be assessed during the OSCEs, so it is important that you should understand how you will be assessed on the day.
OSCE Practical Assessment
The OSCE assessment is designed to assess the candidate’s skills, competencies, and practical application of knowledge of various clinical situations.
The OSCE assessment will consist of a circuit of around 16 OSCE stations and each station will last approximately five minutes. Two of the stations will be rest stations where the candidate will be provided with refreshments. A candidate may begin or end their OSCE circuit at a rest station.
At each station the candidate will be required to undertake either a practical or a paper-based task. These tasks are linked to a competency within one or more of the four domains of the NEBDN Diploma Curriculum. A typical OSCE station consists of a clinical vignette and instructions for the candidate to complete the task. Candidates will have two minutes to read instructions describing the required task before entering the OSCE station.
Each OSCE station will include one Examiner whose role is to assess the candidate carrying out the task. Examiners will be observing and completing a set Mark Sheet as the candidate performs the OSCE. Examiners will not enter into dialogue with candidates but will ask for the candidate’s name and number. Candidates are allowed to describe their actions if they so desire.
OSCE stations may include an Actor if required for the task and one or more observers for Quality Assurance purposes. Any observers will be merely looking at the process of the OSCE and will therefore have no impact on the marking of a candidate.
If a candidate completes the task within the five minutes allowed they will be asked to sit outside the station until it is time to move to the next station.
You will also be given a handbook containing copies of the OSCE instructions during the candidate briefing prior to the examination. You will be given time to read through each of the instructions but will not be able to discuss the content with other students. The handbook must be returned to an Examiner prior to starting your OSCEs.
I will try to explain an example of a specimen OSCE station.................
Candidate instructions :
This patient has just been fitted with his/her first partial denture. Please give them appropriate oral health advice, particularly with regard to oral hygiene, wearing and cleaning the denture.
An Examiner will observe you and award marks on your competency. The Examiner will not interact with you while you are undertaking your task.
Patient notes:
You have recently had a number of teeth removed and a partial denture has been made to replace them. The dentist has just fitted your new partial denture and has asked the dental nurse to advise you about wearing and cleaning it. You do not have any particular concerns and will follow the advice given as long as you can clearly understand what you are being told (e.g. no technical jargon etc). The candidate should check that you understand the advice and ask if you have any questions. Unless there is something that you do not understand, you will not have any questions. However, if something is unclear then you should ask for clarification and an explanation. At the end of the encounter, please give your assessment of the candidate on form below. The examiner will also assess the candidate, but using different (technical) criteria. The candidate will probably complete this task without needing any prompting, if they are hesitant or nervous you may use any of the following prompts if necessary (but please do not lead the candidate – use prompts only if they stuck):
· “Do I have to take it out at night?”
· “Do I need to take it out of my mouth to clean it?”
· “What about soaking the denture overnight in Steradent or something similar?”
· “Can you show me how to clean the denture?”
Examiner notes
Please assess the candidates as they give oral health advice to a patient who has just been fitted for the first time with partial dentures.
Different weightings will be applied to different parts of the task, but this should not influence your ratings. ‘Above standard’ ratings are not available for some of the actions on the mark sheet. If a candidate needs a prompt from the patient, then they cannot score higher than ‘just below standard’ for that particular action.
Please also give a global mark to indicate whether you consider each candidate’s overall performance to have been above standard, meeting the standard, just below standard, or well below the standard.
You should greet the candidate on arrival and say ‘goodbye’ or ‘thank you’ at the end. You should not say anything else to the candidates. If prompts are needed they should come from the patient, who has been briefed about what to say. In particular, you should not ask candidates any questions.
Candidates have been given the following instructions:
This patient has just been fitted with his/her first partial denture. Please give them appropriate oral health advice, particularly with regard to oral hygiene, wearing and cleaning the denture.
The patient has been given the following instructions:
You have recently had a number of teeth removed and a partial denture has been made to replace them. The dentist has just fitted your new partial denture and has asked the dental nurse to advise you about wearing and cleaning it. You do not have any particular concerns and will follow the advice given as long as you can clearly understand what you are being told (e.g. no technical jargon etc). The candidate should check that you understand the advice and ask if you have any questions. Unless there is something that you do not understand, you will not have any questions, just say “no, I understand thank you”. However, if something is unclear then you should ask for clarification and an explanation.
At the end of the encounter, please give your assessment of the candidate on the form below. The examiner will also assess the candidate, but using different (technical) criteria. The candidate will probably complete this task without needing any prompting, but if they are hesitant or nervous you may use any of the following prompts if necessary (but please do not lead the candidate – use prompts only if they are stuck):
· “Do I have to take it out at night?”
· “Do I need to take it out of my mouth to clean it?”
· “What about soaking the denture overnight in Steradent or something similar?”
· “Can you show me how to clean the denture?”
This blog contains important guidance on the second part of the NEBDN National Diploma in Dental Nursing examination. Apart from my lecture in the classes, I am hoping this will help you to prepare for the Diploma OSCE assessment should therefore read this document in full.
The NEBDN National Diploma in Dental Nursing examination is split into two parts. The first part consists of a written paper, which candidates need to complete successfully to move on to the practical assessments.
The second part of the examination consists of a number of Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and is designed to assess the candidate’s clinical skills and competencies. Professional appearance and behavior will be assessed during the OSCEs, so it is important that you should understand how you will be assessed on the day.
OSCE Practical Assessment
The OSCE assessment is designed to assess the candidate’s skills, competencies, and practical application of knowledge of various clinical situations.
The OSCE assessment will consist of a circuit of around 16 OSCE stations and each station will last approximately five minutes. Two of the stations will be rest stations where the candidate will be provided with refreshments. A candidate may begin or end their OSCE circuit at a rest station.
At each station the candidate will be required to undertake either a practical or a paper-based task. These tasks are linked to a competency within one or more of the four domains of the NEBDN Diploma Curriculum. A typical OSCE station consists of a clinical vignette and instructions for the candidate to complete the task. Candidates will have two minutes to read instructions describing the required task before entering the OSCE station.
Each OSCE station will include one Examiner whose role is to assess the candidate carrying out the task. Examiners will be observing and completing a set Mark Sheet as the candidate performs the OSCE. Examiners will not enter into dialogue with candidates but will ask for the candidate’s name and number. Candidates are allowed to describe their actions if they so desire.
OSCE stations may include an Actor if required for the task and one or more observers for Quality Assurance purposes. Any observers will be merely looking at the process of the OSCE and will therefore have no impact on the marking of a candidate.
If a candidate completes the task within the five minutes allowed they will be asked to sit outside the station until it is time to move to the next station.
You will also be given a handbook containing copies of the OSCE instructions during the candidate briefing prior to the examination. You will be given time to read through each of the instructions but will not be able to discuss the content with other students. The handbook must be returned to an Examiner prior to starting your OSCEs.
I will try to explain an example of a specimen OSCE station.................
Specimen OSCE Station - Oral health advice (partial denture)
Candidate instructions :
This patient has just been fitted with his/her first partial denture. Please give them appropriate oral health advice, particularly with regard to oral hygiene, wearing and cleaning the denture.
An Examiner will observe you and award marks on your competency. The Examiner will not interact with you while you are undertaking your task.
Patient notes:
You have recently had a number of teeth removed and a partial denture has been made to replace them. The dentist has just fitted your new partial denture and has asked the dental nurse to advise you about wearing and cleaning it. You do not have any particular concerns and will follow the advice given as long as you can clearly understand what you are being told (e.g. no technical jargon etc). The candidate should check that you understand the advice and ask if you have any questions. Unless there is something that you do not understand, you will not have any questions. However, if something is unclear then you should ask for clarification and an explanation. At the end of the encounter, please give your assessment of the candidate on form below. The examiner will also assess the candidate, but using different (technical) criteria. The candidate will probably complete this task without needing any prompting, if they are hesitant or nervous you may use any of the following prompts if necessary (but please do not lead the candidate – use prompts only if they stuck):
· “Do I have to take it out at night?”
· “Do I need to take it out of my mouth to clean it?”
· “What about soaking the denture overnight in Steradent or something similar?”
· “Can you show me how to clean the denture?”
Examiner notes
Please assess the candidates as they give oral health advice to a patient who has just been fitted for the first time with partial dentures.
Different weightings will be applied to different parts of the task, but this should not influence your ratings. ‘Above standard’ ratings are not available for some of the actions on the mark sheet. If a candidate needs a prompt from the patient, then they cannot score higher than ‘just below standard’ for that particular action.
Please also give a global mark to indicate whether you consider each candidate’s overall performance to have been above standard, meeting the standard, just below standard, or well below the standard.
You should greet the candidate on arrival and say ‘goodbye’ or ‘thank you’ at the end. You should not say anything else to the candidates. If prompts are needed they should come from the patient, who has been briefed about what to say. In particular, you should not ask candidates any questions.
Candidates have been given the following instructions:
This patient has just been fitted with his/her first partial denture. Please give them appropriate oral health advice, particularly with regard to oral hygiene, wearing and cleaning the denture.
The patient has been given the following instructions:
You have recently had a number of teeth removed and a partial denture has been made to replace them. The dentist has just fitted your new partial denture and has asked the dental nurse to advise you about wearing and cleaning it. You do not have any particular concerns and will follow the advice given as long as you can clearly understand what you are being told (e.g. no technical jargon etc). The candidate should check that you understand the advice and ask if you have any questions. Unless there is something that you do not understand, you will not have any questions, just say “no, I understand thank you”. However, if something is unclear then you should ask for clarification and an explanation.
At the end of the encounter, please give your assessment of the candidate on the form below. The examiner will also assess the candidate, but using different (technical) criteria. The candidate will probably complete this task without needing any prompting, but if they are hesitant or nervous you may use any of the following prompts if necessary (but please do not lead the candidate – use prompts only if they are stuck):
· “Do I have to take it out at night?”
· “Do I need to take it out of my mouth to clean it?”
· “What about soaking the denture overnight in Steradent or something similar?”
· “Can you show me how to clean the denture?”
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